As the U.S. government intensifies efforts to undermine China’s advancement in computer chip production, it has called upon allies to cease maintenance of computer chip manufacturing equipment, particularly focusing on ASML, the Netherlands-based global leader in chipmaking equipment. Here are some crucial questions and answers regarding the implications for various stakeholders:
Why is ASML equipment significant? ASML dominates the market for lithography tools, crucial in the chipmaking process, especially in creating circuitry.
Why would the U.S. oppose maintenance of ASML equipment in China? By restricting maintenance, the U.S. aims to disrupt Chinese chipmaking capabilities, as ASML machines are exceedingly challenging to replace. Denying spare parts and maintenance would eventually halt chip production at targeted Chinese facilities.
Would the Dutch government deny maintenance licenses? While the Dutch government, a U.S. ally, hasn’t ruled out denying export licenses for maintenance due to security concerns, it has no plans for a blanket ban. Dutch export policy isn’t specifically aimed at China and considers ASML’s significance to its economy.
How much ASML equipment is in China? ASML sold over 6 billion euros ($6.5 billion) worth of equipment to Chinese customers in 2023 alone. While exact figures are undisclosed, a substantial portion falls under categories requiring licenses.
What’s ASML’s stance? ASML has export licenses for servicing most Chinese customers until the end of this year but hasn’t disclosed future plans.
What could be the impact on Chinese chipmakers? The repercussions are uncertain. Without maintenance, ASML equipment’s performance would degrade over time, affecting chip production. Chinese firms might seek alternatives or attempt to operate machines independently.
What are the consequences for ASML? Initial impacts may be minor, given China’s role as ASML’s second-largest market. However, Chinese chipmakers might explore alternatives, challenging ASML’s dominance over time.
As tensions persist, the dynamics between the U.S., the Netherlands, ASML, and Chinese chipmakers are poised to evolve, shaping the landscape of global semiconductor manufacturing.
