The World Health Organization (WHO) has expanded its list of priority pathogens, now identifying 30 viruses and bacteria that could pose significant risks for future pandemics. This updated list includes notable threats such as the influenza A virus, dengue virus, and monkeypox virus.
Purpose of the Updated List
The WHO’s priority pathogens list aims to enhance efforts in developing treatments, vaccines, and diagnostic tools. The list is based on evidence indicating that these pathogens are highly transmissible and virulent, with no effective treatments currently available.
Ana Maria Henao Restrepo, who leads the WHO’s R&D Blueprint for Epidemics, emphasized that the prioritization process helps identify critical knowledge gaps that need urgent attention. The list is periodically updated to reflect the latest scientific insights and emerging threats.
Pathogens on the New List
Over the past two years, more than 200 scientists assessed over 1,652 pathogen species, focusing mainly on viruses and some bacteria. The updated list includes:
- SARS-CoV-2: The virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Merbecovirus: Including the virus causing Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).
- Monkeypox Virus: Noted for causing a global mpox outbreak in 2022.
- Variola Virus: The causative agent of smallpox, which, although eradicated in 1980, poses a potential threat due to the cessation of routine vaccinations.
Additionally, the list includes several strains of influenza A viruses, such as H5, which has caused outbreaks in cattle. Two human-transmissible viruses are also listed, reflecting concerns about their potential spread due to climate change and urbanization.
Security and Global Health Implications
The inclusion of the variola virus underscores concerns about bioterrorism, as warned by immunologist Neelika Malavige. Despite its eradication, the virus could potentially be misused as a biological weapon.
As global changes continue to impact health risks, this comprehensive list of priority pathogens serves as a crucial tool in preparing for and mitigating the potential impacts of future pandemics.
