The term eczema is used to describe skin that has become irritated or inflamed. Another term used for eczema is atopic dermatitis. Atopic diseases are generally created by an inherited tendency that causes the bodies defensive mechanisms to over react to another stimulus such as asthma, hay fever or other allergies. This overreaction is the cause of eczema.

Some studies estimate that between 9% and 30% of the United States population are affected by eczema. Eczema is very common among children under the age of 2. Many children outgrow the condition however others will experience outbreaks of eczema throughout their life. For most people who suffer from eczema, the condition can be treated with proper medical care.

The exact cause of eczema is unknown. However it has been determined that eczema is a genetic disease. Multiple genes react to external environmental factors. This reaction is the basis of the cause of eczema. T-Lymphocytes (T-Cells) are the infantry of the body’s immune system. When the skin is stimulated by an allergen, the T-Cells respond to the stimulation to control the allergen. In most cases far more T-Cells respond and consequently the skin breaks down and becomes dry or scaly. In all cases, the skin will become itchy before a rash appears.

When children are affected by eczema, it is often recommended that the child be tested for allergies or asthma. Both of these conditions can be precursors for an outbreak of eczema. In adults eczema outbreaks can be caused by exposure to chemicals and compounds that can dry the skin. These chemicals can include alcohol or harsh detergents and soaps. Clothing that is made from wool or other rough fabrics can irritate the skin and cause an eczema outbreak.

While the cause of eczema is unknown, there are several things that the adult can do to prevent an outbreak of eczema. The firs and foremost is to keep the skin moisturized. A good moisturizer applied after a shower or bath will assist in keeping the skin soft and supple. Avoiding clothing that can irritate the skin is another great help. While the cause of eczema is unknown, eczema is treatable and in many cases preventable.